About Bihar

The land where ancient wisdom was born and civilizations flourished

The Cradle of Civilization

Bihar, derived from the Sanskrit word "Vihara" meaning monastery, is a state steeped in history and spirituality. It's the birthplace of two major world religions - Buddhism and Jainism - and has been the seat of powerful empires that shaped Indian civilization.

From the ancient Magadha Empire to the modern democratic India, Bihar has consistently been at the forefront of political, cultural, and spiritual movements. The state's rich heritage is reflected in its archaeological sites, ancient universities, and vibrant traditions.

Today, Bihar continues to be a significant contributor to India's cultural landscape, preserving its ancient wisdom while embracing modern development.

Bihar Landscape

Bihar at a Glance

Essential facts about the state of Bihar

Geography
Located in eastern India, covering 94,163 sq km with diverse landscapes from Gangetic plains to hills.
Population
Home to over 104 million people, making it the third most populous state in India.
Languages
Hindi is official, with Maithili, Bhojpuri, and Magahi widely spoken regional languages.
Capital
Patna, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, founded in 490 BCE.

Historical Journey

Tracing Bihar's remarkable journey through the ages

Ancient Era (6th century BCE)

Magadha Empire

Bihar was the center of the powerful Magadha Empire, birthplace of Buddhism and Jainism.

Magadha Empire
Medieval Period

Nalanda University

World's first residential university, attracting scholars from across Asia for over 800 years.

Nalanda University
Modern Era

Freedom Movement

Bihar played a crucial role in India's independence movement with leaders like Dr. Rajendra Prasad.

Freedom Movement

Languages of Bihar

A rich linguistic heritage with diverse regional languages

Hindi
25M+

Official Language

Maithili
12M+

Recognized in 8th Schedule

Bhojpuri
40M+

Widely Spoken

Magahi
13M+

Regional Language